International tourism receipts in destinations around the world grew by 3.6 per cent in 2015, in line with the 4.4 per cent increase in international arrivals. For the fourth consecutive year, international tourism grew faster than world merchandise trade, raising tourism’s share in world’s exports to seven per cent in 2015. The total export value from international tourism amounted to US$ 1.4 trillion.
Income generated by international visitors on accommodation, food and drink, entertainment, shopping and other services and goods reached an estimated US$ 1,232 billion in 2015, an increase of 3.6 per cent accounting for exchange rate fluctuations and inflation. International tourist arrivals increased by 4.4 per cent in 2015, reaching a total of 1,184 million.
Alongside international tourism receipts (the travel item of the balance of payments), international tourism generated US$ 210 billion in exports through international non-resident passenger transport services, bringing the total value of tourism exports up to US$ 1.4 trillion on a day on average.
“Tourism is today a major category of international trade in services. Despite a weak and slow economic recovery, spending on international tourism grew significantly in 2015, proving the sector’s relevance in stimulating economic growth, boosting exports and creating jobs for an increasing number of economies worldwide,” said Taleb Rifai, secretary general, UNWTO, while addressing the 60th Regional Commission for the Americas meeting in Havana, Cuba.
International tourism represents seven per cent of total world exports and 30 per cent of services exports. The share of tourism in overall exports of goods and services increased from six per cent to seven per cent in 2015, as for the fourth consecutive year international tourism outgrew world merchandise trade, which grew 2.8 per cent in 2015 according to recent data reported by the World Trade Organization (WTO).
As a worldwide export category, tourism ranks third after fuels and chemicals and ahead of food and automotive products. In many developing countries, tourism ranks as the first export sector.
Strong exchange rate fluctuations in 2015 influenced receipts for individual destinations and regions. Taking into account exchange rate fluctuations and inflation, receipts in the Americas, Asia and the Pacific and the Middle East, all grew by four per cent, while in Europe they grew by three per cent and in Africa by two per cent.
The Americas continued to enjoy robust results, both in international arrivals and receipts in 2015, with a strong USD fuelling outbound travel from the United States and benefiting many destinations across the region. The Caribbean, Central America and South America, all recorded seven per cent growth in receipts, while North America saw a three per cent increase.
“As prices of raw materials have decreased, tourism has shown a strong capacity to compensate for weaker export revenue in many commodity and oil exporting countries. Tourism is increasingly an essential component of export diversification for many emerging economies as well as several advanced ones,” added Rifai.
The United States (US$ 178 billion), China (US$ 114 billion), Spain (US$ 57 billion) and France (US$ 46 billion) continue to be the top destinations both in international tourism receipts and tourist arrivals.
The above data is preliminary and subject to revision. 2015 has shown some unusual strong appreciation of the USD to many currencies, rendering receipts earned in these currencies lower in USD. Furthermore, China revised both its international tourism receipts and expenditure series substantially in 2015 and retrospectively for 2014 due to methodological changes.
China, the United States and the United Kingdom led outbound tourism last year, fuelled by their strong currencies and economies. China continues to lead global outbound travel after double-digit growth in tourism expenditure every year since 2004, benefitting Asian destinations such as Japan and Thailand as well as the United States and various European destinations. Spending by Chinese travellers increased 25 per cent in 2015 to reach US$ 292 billion, as total outbound travellers rose by 10 per cent to 128 million.
Tourism expenditure from the world’s second largest source market, the United States, increased by nine per cent in 2015 to US$ 120 billion, while the number of outbound travellers grew by eight per cent to 73 million. Expenditure from the United Kingdom, the fourth largest market globally, increased by eight per cent to US$ 63 billion with 65 million of its residents travelling abroad, up nine per cent. By contrast, Germany, the world’s third largest market, reported a small decline in spending (US$ 76 billion), partly due to the weaker Euro.
France’s expenditure on outbound tourism reached US$ 38 billion, Russia’s US$ 35 billion and that of the Republic of Korea a total of US$ 25 billion.
