Located on the banks of River Spree, Berlin is Germany’s largest city. After World War II, the city was divided – East Berlin became the capital of East Germany while West Berlin became a de facto West German exclave, surrounded by the Berlin Wall. Following German reunification in 1990, the city was once more designated as the capital of all Germany. Reminders of the city’s turbulent 20th-century history include its Holocaust Memorial and the Berlin Wall’s graffitied remains. Its 18th-century Brandenburg Tor (Gate) is also an iconic symbol of reunification, following the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989. The Tor was officially opened to traffic on December 22, 1989 and 100,000 people came to celebrate the occasion.